Ratchet effect in frequency-modulated waveguide-coupled emitter arrays

We study theoretically the spatial distribution of polarizations in array resonant electromagnetic dipole emitters coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. The ratchet effect manifests itself asymmetry emitter occupations along under symmetrical pumping from both sides. occupation is driven by periodic modulation time resonance frequencies. find numerically and analytically optimal conditions for maximal asymmetry. also demonstrate that can be enhanced due formation topological edge states, enabled frequency modulation. Our results apply classical structures with resonators or arrays semiconductor quantum wells as well setups waveguide-coupled natural artificial atoms.